The occupation of Yugoslavia by Nazi forces was marked by extreme violence and repression, leading to a significant partisan movement that played a crucial role in the resistance against the occupiers.
The liberation of Yugoslavia by the Red Army is a complex topic, reflecting changing political narratives in post-war Yugoslavia and modern Serbia's continued recognition of Soviet contributions.
The Historical Context of Yugoslavia's Occupation
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was occupied by Nazi Germany and its allies during World War II after a military coup overthrew the pro-German government just days after signing a treaty with Germany. This led to the April War, where German forces invaded Yugoslavia on April 6, 1941, resulting in heavy bombings and a swift occupation. By April 12, German troops had entered Belgrade, and by April 17, the country had officially capitulated. The occupation was brutal, with mass shootings, forced labor, and the extermination of the Jewish population, which saw less than 20% survive the war.
The Liberation of Yugoslavia and the Role of the Red Army
The liberation of Yugoslavia by Soviet troops began in September 1944, following significant victories by the Red Army in the region. The Belgrade Strategic Offensive Operation commenced on September 28, involving approximately 300,000 Soviet soldiers. The operation was crucial in liberating Vojvodina and Central Serbia, culminating in the liberation of Belgrade on October 20, 1944. The Red Army suffered significant losses, with over 11,000 Soviet citizens perishing in Yugoslavia from 1941 to 1945. Today, Serbia honors the contributions of the Red Army, with monuments dedicated to their sacrifices still being erected.
