Webb and Hubble Observatories Uncover Merging Galaxies
The Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes have recently observed two galaxies, IC 2163 and NGC 2207, providing fascinating insights into their potential merger. Resembling a pair of eyes, these galaxies are located relatively close to each other, with IC 2163 positioned behind NGC 2207. Researchers have determined that while the galaxies have not yet merged, they are on a collision course, expected to combine within tens to hundreds of millions of years.
The Role of Infrared Observations
Utilizing the advanced infrared capabilities of the James Webb Telescope, scientists were able to penetrate the dense clouds of gas and dust surrounding the galaxies. This technique is akin to an X-ray revealing bones beneath the skin, allowing researchers to assess the early stages of the merger. Although the galaxies remain separate for now, their gravitational influence has been affecting each other for millions of years, leading to significant star formation.
Active Star Formation and Supernovae
IC 2163 and NGC 2207 are currently producing approximately 20 new Sun-sized stars annually, a stark contrast to the Milky Way's rate of 2 to 3 new stars per year. Additionally, the two galaxies have witnessed seven supernovae in recent decades, indicating a high level of activity compared to the Milky Way's average of one every 50 years. This heightened activity suggests that the galaxies are in a dynamic phase, potentially foreshadowing the Milky Way's eventual merger with the Andromeda galaxy in about 4 billion years.
