Overview of the Amal Movement
The Amal Movement, a prominent Lebanese Shiite political group, was founded by Musa al-Sadr in 1975 amid the Lebanese Civil War. Initially established as the Lebanese Resistance Brigades, the movement has evolved significantly over the decades, becoming a key player in Lebanon's political and military landscape. The movement has been involved in various military operations, including the War of the Camps and the 2006 conflict with Israel, and has recently supported Palestinian resistance efforts in Gaza.
Historical Context and Leadership
The Amal Movement emerged during a time of significant demographic changes in Lebanon, where the Shiite community sought greater political representation. Al-Sadr's establishment of the Movement of the Deprived in 1974 laid the groundwork for the Amal Movement. Following Al-Sadr's mysterious disappearance in 1978, Nabih Berri took over leadership, guiding the movement through critical phases of the Lebanese Civil War and the Taif Agreement, which aimed to end the conflict. Under Berri's leadership, the Amal Movement became a significant force against both Israeli aggression and internal sectarian strife.
Relationship with Hezbollah
The Amal Movement's relationship with Hezbollah has been complex and often contentious. Following a split in 1982, Hezbollah was formed with Iranian backing, leading to violent clashes between the two groups, notably the Brothers' War. Despite their shared Shiite identity, the rivalry has resulted in significant casualties and ongoing tensions, highlighting the intricate dynamics within Lebanon's political landscape.
