Turkey's Strategic Energy Pursuit in Africa
Turkey is intensifying its efforts to secure energy sources through enhanced cooperation with African nations. The Turkish government has announced plans to send the 86-meter-long Oruc Reis research ship to explore offshore oil deposits in Somalia next month. This initiative, confirmed by Mohamed Hashi, the director of the Somali Ministry of Oil, is expected to diversify Turkey's crude oil supplies and solidify its influence in a region where global powers such as China, Russia, and the Gulf states are vying for dominance.
The move is part of Turkey's broader strategy to deepen diplomatic, trade, and security ties across the African continent. According to a Bloomberg report, Africa's rich mineral wealth and increasing population present a new wave of economic growth opportunities, making the continent an attractive target for Turkey's active foreign policy.
Strengthening Ties with Somalia
Somalia stands out as a focal point for Turkey's endeavors in Africa, as it hosts Turkey's largest military base abroad and is home to Turkish companies managing key infrastructure like the capital's port and airport. The Turkish drone manufacturer Baykar has also supplied Somalia with TB2 drones, aiding the country in its fight against the Al-Shabaab militant group.
Omar Mahmoud, a senior analyst at the International Crisis Group, emphasizes that Somalia's strategic location enhances Turkey's influence in the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean. Since 2011, Turkey has provided substantial humanitarian aid, exceeding $1 billion, and established educational institutions that support thousands of Somali students. This deep-rooted connection, based on shared Islamic culture, has been a turning point for many young Somalis, as noted by Mohammed Othman, a student at a state-supported Turkish school in Mogadishu.
As Turkey continues to expand its relationships across Africa, it has signed numerous agreements in various sectors, including intelligence, defense, and energy. With exports to Africa reaching $28.6 billion in 2023, Turkey is poised to further strengthen its role as a key player in the continent's economic landscape.
- Turkey's approach in Africa is not limited to Somalia. The country is actively seeking partnerships across the continent, including in Niger, where a recent delegation led by Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan signed several deals following the expulsion of French forces. Niger, known for its uranium production, offers Turkey opportunities in mining and energy. Moreover, Turkey's partnerships with Algeria and other African nations highlight its intent to explore for oil and gas, further diversifying its energy sources. Turkish Airlines has also expanded its operations to reach some of Africa's most remote regions, facilitating greater connectivity and trade. With a multifaceted strategy that combines economic, military, and cultural initiatives, Turkey aims to establish itself as a significant player in Africa's future development.
