Sudan's diplomatic landscape is rapidly changing as countries reassess their alliances based on the ongoing conflict and its implications for regional stability.
The humanitarian aspect of the conflict is highlighted by Eritrea's open-door policy for Sudanese refugees, showcasing historical ties and mutual support between the two nations.
The involvement of external powers, such as the Wagner Group in the Central African Republic, complicates the dynamics of the conflict and influences regional relationships.
As Sudan continues to navigate its relationships with neighboring countries, further diplomatic engagements may lead to a more stable regional environment, contingent on the outcome of the ongoing conflict.
The evolving positions of countries like Chad and Libya could significantly impact the flow of resources and support to the RSF, potentially altering the balance of power in Sudan.
Increased cooperation between Sudan and Egypt may enhance security and economic stability, potentially leading to a stronger alliance against external threats.
Sudan's relations with neighboring countries have been strained due to the ongoing conflict between the Sudanese army and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), but recent diplomatic efforts indicate a potential recovery. After 19 months of fighting, Sudan has begun to open direct communication channels with various neighbors, reassessing their positions based on internal and external factors. Countries like Egypt and Eritrea have consistently supported Sudan's legitimacy, while others have fluctuated in their stance, influenced by their interests in the RSF and its commander, Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti.
Eritrea has notably welcomed Sudanese refugees and offered residency and medical treatment, viewing this as a return of favor for past support during Eritrea's struggle for independence. Meanwhile, the Central African Republic has shifted its position towards Sudan after a meeting between its President Faustin Touadera and Sudan's leader Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan, focusing on security cooperation and addressing rebel threats.
Egypt has strengthened ties with Sudan, emphasizing the importance of mutual national security and facilitating trade cooperation to aid Sudan's recovery from war damage. In contrast, Libya's situation remains complex, with conflicting interests between the Sudanese government and eastern Libyan forces led by Khalifa Haftar, who has been accused of supporting the RSF.
Ethiopia's Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has also reevaluated his stance, moving towards cooperation with Sudan after initially calling for a no-fly zone. Chad's position has shifted dramatically from supporting the Sudanese army to becoming a logistical base for the RSF, influenced by economic pressures and tensions with France. South Sudan's President Salva Kiir has maintained a supportive stance towards the Sudanese army, despite internal pressures and economic ties with the RSF.
