Discovery of the Tien Shan Aurignacian Culture
Scientists from the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences have unveiled a new archaeological culture named the "Tien Shan Aurignacian" in southeastern Kazakhstan. This revelation comes from extensive excavations at the Uzynagash 1 and Uzynagash 3 sites, which have revealed a wealth of artifacts and cultural layers dating back to the Upper Paleolithic era, approximately 40,000 to 12,000 years ago.
The findings challenge previous assumptions about the geographical spread of the Aurignacian culture, which was thought to extend only to Afghanistan in the south and the Altai Mountains in the east. The newly discovered artifacts, numbering over 4,500, display remarkable similarities to those associated with the Aurignacian culture of Western Eurasia, indicating possible cultural exchange and contact among prehistoric populations.
Insights into Upper Paleolithic Life
The archaeological team, led by Dmitry Ozherelyev, has identified seven distinct cultural layers at the Uzynagash 1 site, with radiocarbon dating placing their formation between 31,000 and 21,000 years ago. The layers contain remnants of hearths, fire pits, and utility pits, alongside rare animal bones, providing significant insights into the settlement patterns and daily life of Upper Paleolithic humans in the region.
Additionally, the discovery of geometric microlith inserts, which date from 26,500 to 21,000 years ago, suggests advancements in hunting technology as climate conditions changed. This adaptation illustrates the ingenuity and resilience of prehistoric communities in Central Asia, as they developed new tools and living strategies in response to environmental challenges.
