A recent outbreak of bluetongue serotype 3 has been confirmed in Marpent, France, marking the first occurrence of this serotype in the country. The Northern prefecture announced the outbreak on Wednesday, with the health agency Anses confirming the case on August 5. Bluetongue disease, also known as FCO, poses a significant threat to sheep, leading to clinical symptoms that can result in fatalities. The director of the Anses animal health laboratory, Stéphan Zientara, stated that sheep are dying in varying proportions across different farms, highlighting the severity of the situation.
This outbreak has raised concerns among breeders, as previous serotypes have already caused economic losses and disruptions in international trade. The Ministry of Agriculture has responded by creating a regulated zone from Pas-de-Calais to Moselle, where movements of cattle, goats, and sheep are restricted. Additionally, voluntary vaccination will be offered, with the state providing the vaccine free of charge. The disease, transmitted by biting insects called culicoides, primarily affects sheep but can also impact cattle and goats. Symptoms include fever, respiratory issues, and in severe cases, the loss of pregnant animals.
While the disease does not affect humans and does not require euthanasia of infected animals, the Ministry is urging breeders to remain vigilant and report any suspected cases. Vaccines have already been ordered in anticipation of the disease's spread, and the Ministry has established a regulated perimeter of 150 km around the detected outbreaks in Belgium to enhance surveillance. Overall, France has been under restrictions regarding bluetongue serotypes 4 and 8 since January 1, 2018, and this latest outbreak serves as a reminder of the ongoing risks posed by animal diseases.
- Bluetongue disease is a viral infection that primarily affects ruminants, particularly sheep. It is transmitted through the bites of infected insects, and while it does not pose a risk to human health, it can have devastating effects on livestock populations. The symptoms can vary in severity, with some animals showing mild signs while others may suffer from severe illness and death.
- Historically, bluetongue was confined to warmer regions, but climate change and the movement of livestock have contributed to its spread into new areas, including parts of Europe. The emergence of serotype 3 in France underscores the importance of biosecurity measures and vaccination in protecting livestock health and ensuring the stability of the agricultural sector.
