Historic EU Accession Negotiations Begin for Ukraine and Moldova
The European Union has initiated accession negotiations with Ukraine, marking a historic moment as the first time the EU is negotiating with a country actively at war. Representatives from Ukraine and the EU convened in Luxembourg for the inaugural intergovernmental conference. Belgian Foreign Minister Hadja Lahbib emphasized the significance of this event, calling it a milestone for peace, security, stability, and prosperity. The negotiations also extend to Ukraine's neighbor, Moldova, which has similarly cleared key hurdles in the accession process.
Challenges and Conditions for Accession
While the opening of negotiations is a crucial step, the path to EU membership is fraught with challenges. The EU has set forth stringent conditions that Ukraine and Moldova must meet, including reforms in the rule of law, fundamental rights, and public administration. Special attention is required for judicial reform, anti-corruption measures, and the protection of national minorities. Hungary, an EU member state with a significant Hungarian minority in Ukraine, has expressed concerns and could potentially block the process if these issues are not addressed.
The Road Ahead
The initial phase of the negotiations involves a 'screening' process to assess the compatibility of Ukraine and Moldova's national laws with EU regulations. This stage typically lasts one to two years, but could be expedited given the existing understanding of both countries' legal frameworks. Despite the accelerated timeline, substantial reforms and alignment with EU standards are necessary before full membership can be granted. The European Commission has underscored the importance of combating corruption and reducing oligarchic influence in Ukraine as part of these prerequisites.
- Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy hailed the start of the negotiations as a 'historic event' and a 'European dream' come true. He expressed gratitude to those defending Ukraine and working towards EU membership, reiterating Ukraine's commitment to joining a united Europe.
- The European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen congratulated both Ukraine and Moldova, acknowledging the difficult road ahead but also the opportunities that EU membership presents.
- Hungary's opposition to Ukraine's accession has been a significant hurdle, with Prime Minister Viktor Orban arguing that Ukraine is not ready for membership. Hungary, closely aligned with Russia, has also blocked European military aid to Kyiv. However, a compromise was reached to allow the negotiations to proceed.
- The EU granted candidate status to Ukraine and Moldova in June 2022, a symbolic gesture following the onset of the war with Russia. The formal negotiations are just the beginning of a long and complex accession process, which will require significant reforms and alignment with EU standards.
