Addis Ababa Conference Tackles Africa's Stability Challenges
The Institute of Foreign Affairs in Ethiopia, in collaboration with the Al Jazeera Center for Studies, recently hosted the first research conference in Addis Ababa, focusing on the pressing issues of fragility and the opportunities for Africa amidst international competition. Experts and researchers gathered to discuss the continent's multifaceted challenges, including national security, economic crises, and environmental threats.
Economic Burdens and Debt Crisis
In the opening session, economic researcher Mohamed Zakaria highlighted the severe debt burden many African nations are facing, which has led to reduced government spending, increased poverty, and social unrest. He emphasized the historical context of colonialism and the Cold War's impact on Africa's economic stability. Zakaria called for comprehensive solutions, advocating for debt relief, improved governance, and increased investment in human capital and infrastructure to address these issues effectively.
Addressing Terrorism and Piracy
Dr. Mahmoud Abdi, a Somali researcher, discussed the intertwined nature of terrorism and piracy in Africa, particularly in regions like the Sahel and the Horn of Africa. He pointed out that both issues stem from similar root causes, including poverty and weak governance. Abdi urged for a collaborative approach involving military and economic interventions, as well as community engagement to combat these threats.
Global Competition for African Resources
Mauritanian politician Mohamed Jamil Mansour analyzed the increasing international competition for influence in Africa. He noted the continent's rich resources and strategic location attract global powers, leading to heightened military presence and arms trade, which further destabilizes the region. He stressed the importance for African nations to strategically engage with foreign powers to maximize benefits while mitigating risks.
Cultural Globalization and Identity
The conference also addressed the challenges of cultural globalization. Researcher Idris Ayat from Niger spoke on the complexities of defining African identity in a globalized world, emphasizing the need for Africans to actively shape their cultural narratives. Dr. Bouhnia Goui warned about the implications of proxy wars fueled by external powers, calling for enhanced diplomacy and better governance to address these conflicts.
Military Coups and Political Instability
The final session focused on military interventions in African politics, with Dr. Ismail Hamoudi analyzing the factors leading to military coups. He linked these events to state weaknesses and constitutional violations, advocating for military professionalism to foster political stability. Political researcher Haroun Ba discussed the crisis of political institutions in Africa, highlighting the need for radical reforms to strengthen judicial independence and civil society.
The Role of ECOWAS
Dr. Badr Hassan Al-Shafei reviewed the role of ECOWAS in addressing regional security challenges. He expressed concern over recent coups in West Africa that have undermined democratic governance and stability, stressing the necessity of restoring democratic rule and regional cooperation to ensure the organization's future viability.
This conference in Addis Ababa underscored the critical challenges facing Africa today, as well as the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to foster stability and development across the continent.
