The Return of Former Prime Ministers to French Government
In a significant political shift, François Bayrou has announced the formation of a new government that prominently features two former Prime Ministers, Élisabeth Borne and Manuel Valls, as Ministers of State. This unprecedented move marks a notable return to the forefront of French politics for both leaders, who have been appointed to oversee crucial ministries. Élisabeth Borne, who previously served as Prime Minister from 2022 to 2024, will now manage the Ministry of National Education, Higher Education, and Research. Meanwhile, Manuel Valls, who led the government from 2014 to 2016, has been entrusted with the sensitive portfolio of Overseas Territories, which includes addressing ongoing issues in Mayotte and New Caledonia.
This government reshuffle is particularly historic as it is rare for two former heads of government to serve in the same cabinet during the Fifth Republic. The last notable instances involved former Prime Ministers returning to ministerial roles, including Michel Debré, Laurent Fabius, and Alain Juppé, who each held significant positions after their premierships. This trend reflects a broader strategy by Bayrou to stabilize his administration by incorporating experienced politicians from various political backgrounds, including the left, center, and right.
The Significance of Ministerial Titles
The recent appointments also highlight the revival of the title of Minister of State, which had not been utilized since 2019. This honorary title, granted to Borne and Valls, signifies the importance of their roles and aims to establish government priorities. The return of this title underlines a shift in protocol, placing Ministers of State just below the Prime Minister in the hierarchy, although legally, all ministers are equal.
In addition to Borne and Valls, the government includes other prominent figures such as Gérald Darmanin, who returns as Keeper of the Seals, and Bruno Retailleau, who retains his position at Place Beauvau. The appointment of four Ministers of State in this cabinet is a strategic move by Bayrou to reinforce his government’s authority and effectiveness, particularly in light of the challenges posed by the current political landscape in France.
